1.1 Introduction
An Automobile Also called As Automotive is A Self-Propelled Vehicle Which is Used For the Transportation of Passengers and Good on the Ground. A Self-Propelled vehicle is that in which Power is produce within itself for its propulsion.
The Various Type of Self-Propelled Vehicle are car, bus, truck, tractors, motor boats, ships, Aeroplanes, scooter, helicopters, rockets etc. Since an Automobile is Propelled on the Ground only Therefore it Differs From other. Motor Vehicle Is Another Name For the Self-Propelled Vehicle Running on the Ground.
The Power Source of an Automobile is Either an Engine or an Electric Motor. The Power thus Generated is Transferred Through Different Mechanisms to the Wheels and Turn them to Move the Vehicle.
The Steering Mechanism is Provided to turn the Vehicle on either Right side Or Left side. The Speed of Vehicle is Controlled with Brake Mechanism. in Addition to this Automobiles have Suspension system, Light system, Fuel indicator system, Power steering system etc. in order to improve the Riding Comfort, Safety of the Passenger and Successful operation of the vehicle in Almost in all Possible Running Condition.
HISTORY OF AUTOMOBILE
The Invention of the Automobile is not the Product of a Single Person, or a Single Country. it is a Combined effort of many Person of Different Countries for several hundred years, which puts the today's Modern Automobile on Road.
In 1769 Caption Nicholas Cugnot of France Built the First Actual Self-Propelled Road Vehicle. it was a Three Wheel Vehicle ( One wheel at Front & Two wheel at Rear) Powered By a steam Engine.
Three Wheel Vehicle
The Engine Power Driving the Front Single Wheel, the Boiler of the Engine was Projecting Toward the Front of the Vehicle. this Vehicle had to stop After Travelling a short distance in order to Develop Steam.
In 1770 this Vehicle was Tested in the Presence of French war Minister General Gribeauval & other Prominent officers. Four were Riding this Vehicle and it run up to the speed of 6 miles per hour (9.65 Km/h). The People were very much Impressed upon the Performance of this Vehicle Althought it Struck to a wall. The Military officers asked caption Cugnot to bulid Another Vehicle which could run at a speed of 8 miles per hour (12.87 KM/S) Carrying Four or Five tons of Weight. There main object was to Transport guns and Ammunition. Some Historians Believe that Caption Second self Propelled Vehicle was Produced in 1771 and was Preserved in Conservatoire does arts of meters, paris.
During that Period there was Development of Steam Vehicle in other Countries also. in 1801, Richad Trevithick built England's first full size Steam Vehicle. in 1829, William James too Contributed in the Development of Steam Engine in America. The steam vehicle had the Disadvantage of a long starting time and limited fuel supply.
In 1826 Nicolas Otto built the first Practicle four Stock Pistion Cylinder Internal Combution Engine. He Countinued to develop his four-stock engine after 1896 and he consider his work finished after his invention of the first Magneto Ignition Engine system for low voltage ignition in 1884.
In 1880 German and French efforts developed an internal combution engine vehicle which was use to carry fruits. in 1885 or 1886 Gottlieb Daimler Painted an internal combution engine in Germany which is recognise as the prototype of modern gas engine.
In 1885 Karl Benz of Germany built the world's first Practicle Automobile to be powered by an internal combustion engine. it was three wheeler. benz built his first four wheeled car in 1891.
In 1893 American's first gasoline powered commercial car was manufacturing by two brothers, charles duryer and frank duryea.
In 1894, the Panhard car in France contained a vertical engine under a hood at the front and a modern type of chassis. the car also had the comman type of sliding gear transmission operated by the right hand, clutch, brake pedals and a foot operated accelerator.
About 1897 considerable work was carried on in germany, france, england, and america. the design of automobile was very much improved then and people started thinking it as new means of transportation system. in order to maintain the standerd of automobile, (SAE) Socity of Automobile Engineering was fomed in united state in 1905.
In 1908, ford start to built a cars with the very famous Modle T. in 19 years. a total of 15,500,000 unites were sold in united state alone.
The use of automobile was felt to a very extent during world war 1.during this period automobile established itself as an essential equipment of war which finally brought it as an essential part of life both in war and in peace. after world war 1 development of automobile picked up speed and many additions and change were made. all these improvements brought the vehicle as a use full equipment in world war 2. after the war many more development have been carried over which included fluid flywheel , freewheeling, diesel engine, comfort conditions.
At present automobile are designed for automatic gear changies, aerodynamics body to reduce air resistance, efficent braking and many more comfort perameters like air-conditioning, power steeing etc. the research is being carried out to replace the conventional I.C.engine by electric motor operated by solar cell , battery etc. so as to reduce the pollutants being emitted from vehicle and to reduce the pressure an oil consumption throughout the world.
An Automobile Also called As Automotive is A Self-Propelled Vehicle Which is Used For the Transportation of Passengers and Good on the Ground. A Self-Propelled vehicle is that in which Power is produce within itself for its propulsion.
The Various Type of Self-Propelled Vehicle are car, bus, truck, tractors, motor boats, ships, Aeroplanes, scooter, helicopters, rockets etc. Since an Automobile is Propelled on the Ground only Therefore it Differs From other. Motor Vehicle Is Another Name For the Self-Propelled Vehicle Running on the Ground.
The Power Source of an Automobile is Either an Engine or an Electric Motor. The Power thus Generated is Transferred Through Different Mechanisms to the Wheels and Turn them to Move the Vehicle.
The Steering Mechanism is Provided to turn the Vehicle on either Right side Or Left side. The Speed of Vehicle is Controlled with Brake Mechanism. in Addition to this Automobiles have Suspension system, Light system, Fuel indicator system, Power steering system etc. in order to improve the Riding Comfort, Safety of the Passenger and Successful operation of the vehicle in Almost in all Possible Running Condition.
HISTORY OF AUTOMOBILE
The Invention of the Automobile is not the Product of a Single Person, or a Single Country. it is a Combined effort of many Person of Different Countries for several hundred years, which puts the today's Modern Automobile on Road.
In 1769 Caption Nicholas Cugnot of France Built the First Actual Self-Propelled Road Vehicle. it was a Three Wheel Vehicle ( One wheel at Front & Two wheel at Rear) Powered By a steam Engine.
The Engine Power Driving the Front Single Wheel, the Boiler of the Engine was Projecting Toward the Front of the Vehicle. this Vehicle had to stop After Travelling a short distance in order to Develop Steam.
In 1770 this Vehicle was Tested in the Presence of French war Minister General Gribeauval & other Prominent officers. Four were Riding this Vehicle and it run up to the speed of 6 miles per hour (9.65 Km/h). The People were very much Impressed upon the Performance of this Vehicle Althought it Struck to a wall. The Military officers asked caption Cugnot to bulid Another Vehicle which could run at a speed of 8 miles per hour (12.87 KM/S) Carrying Four or Five tons of Weight. There main object was to Transport guns and Ammunition. Some Historians Believe that Caption Second self Propelled Vehicle was Produced in 1771 and was Preserved in Conservatoire does arts of meters, paris.
During that Period there was Development of Steam Vehicle in other Countries also. in 1801, Richad Trevithick built England's first full size Steam Vehicle. in 1829, William James too Contributed in the Development of Steam Engine in America. The steam vehicle had the Disadvantage of a long starting time and limited fuel supply.
In 1826 Nicolas Otto built the first Practicle four Stock Pistion Cylinder Internal Combution Engine. He Countinued to develop his four-stock engine after 1896 and he consider his work finished after his invention of the first Magneto Ignition Engine system for low voltage ignition in 1884.
In 1880 German and French efforts developed an internal combution engine vehicle which was use to carry fruits. in 1885 or 1886 Gottlieb Daimler Painted an internal combution engine in Germany which is recognise as the prototype of modern gas engine.
In 1885 Karl Benz of Germany built the world's first Practicle Automobile to be powered by an internal combustion engine. it was three wheeler. benz built his first four wheeled car in 1891.
In 1893 American's first gasoline powered commercial car was manufacturing by two brothers, charles duryer and frank duryea.
In 1894, the Panhard car in France contained a vertical engine under a hood at the front and a modern type of chassis. the car also had the comman type of sliding gear transmission operated by the right hand, clutch, brake pedals and a foot operated accelerator.
About 1897 considerable work was carried on in germany, france, england, and america. the design of automobile was very much improved then and people started thinking it as new means of transportation system. in order to maintain the standerd of automobile, (SAE) Socity of Automobile Engineering was fomed in united state in 1905.
In 1908, ford start to built a cars with the very famous Modle T. in 19 years. a total of 15,500,000 unites were sold in united state alone.
The use of automobile was felt to a very extent during world war 1.during this period automobile established itself as an essential equipment of war which finally brought it as an essential part of life both in war and in peace. after world war 1 development of automobile picked up speed and many additions and change were made. all these improvements brought the vehicle as a use full equipment in world war 2. after the war many more development have been carried over which included fluid flywheel , freewheeling, diesel engine, comfort conditions.
At present automobile are designed for automatic gear changies, aerodynamics body to reduce air resistance, efficent braking and many more comfort perameters like air-conditioning, power steeing etc. the research is being carried out to replace the conventional I.C.engine by electric motor operated by solar cell , battery etc. so as to reduce the pollutants being emitted from vehicle and to reduce the pressure an oil consumption throughout the world.
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